Question about package signatures

I am just wondering about an issue I had and would appreciate some clarification.

I ran update and got “cachyos-extra-v4: signature from “admin@cachyos.org” is invalid”.

I had heard that pacman -Syy can help, which in this case it did. Though I am not entirely sure why?

Concerned, I ran pacman -Qkk which did seem to display a fair few warnings, is this expected or should I be concerned? Command output: pastebin

Also should note, -Qk does have some warnings but they are expected for me as I have removed some duplicate apparmor profiles. So Qk output seems fine.

Thanks

sometimes it means the mirror isnt fully synced yet, wait a few hours and try again or change to another mirror.

oh I did not realise it could it be that simple.
Like I said though, pacman -Syy did fix it and let me run updates.