So, @untamedunbranded , was your problem solved?
As I am also still learning Linux, I had a little chat with Perplexity on this topic to understand the underlying behavior.
Here is what I learned:
The rules are set in the files /etc/pam.d/sddm, ¸ /etc/pam.d/system-login, /etc/pam.d/system-auth and /etc/security/faillock.conf, (and probably more).
Although it is not set in my files, there is a default behavior:
the default is 3 failed password attempts within 15 minutes, and then the account is locked for 10 minutes by default on Arch-style
pam_faillocksetups.
So, when you enter a wrong password 4 times in 15 minutes, you are not allowed to enter a password for 10 minutes.
Is that what happened?